本篇文章10172字,读完约25分钟
if ambition is to be well regarded、the rewards of ambition-wealth、distinction、 controloverone ' s destiny-mustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition ' s behalf.ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitalion y
regardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.in。 itistheeducatedwhohaveclaimedtohavegivenuponambitionasanideal.whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmostbenefitedfromambition-inof。 alwaystheirownthenthatoftheirparentsandgrandparents.thereisaheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofclosingthebarndoorafterthehorss
certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.summer homes,european travel, BMWs-the locations placenamesandnamebrandsmaychange, butsuchitemsdonotseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago.whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams, aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould、lest they be thought pushing、acquisitive and vulgar .instead、wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspecte whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupplythecriticofamericanmaterialismwithasouthampton thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealsii thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife, whoseownchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools.forsuchpeopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsoexceptional,the proper formulation is," su culate
theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles; itspublicdefendersarefewandunimpressive,swherestheyarenotextremelyunattractive.asaresult, thesupportforambitionashely aqualitytobeadmiredandfixedinthemindoftheyoung, isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeenintheunitedstates.thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelitstirringsande but only that,no longer openly honored,itislessopenlyprofessed.consequencesfollowfromthis,of course,someofwhicharethatambitionis then,isthewaythingsstand:ontheleftangrycritics,on the right stupid supporters,and in the middle,as usual,themajorityofenal
17.itisgenerallybelievedthatambitionmaybewellregardedif。
[ a ] itsreturnswellcompensateforthesacrifices
[b]it is rewarded with money、fame and power
[ c ] itsgoalsarespiritualratherthanmaterial
[ d ] itissharedbytherichandthefamous
18.thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthatitis。
[ a ] customaryoftheeducatedtodiscardambitioninwords
[ b ] toolatetocheckambitiononceithasbeenletout
[ c ] dishonesttodenyambitionafterthefulfilmentofthegoal
[ d ] impracticalfortheeducatedtoenjoybenefitsfromambition
19.somepeopledonotopenlyadmittheyhaveambitionbecause。
[a]they think of it as immoral
[ b ] theirpursuitsarenotfameorwealth
[ c ] ambitionisnotcloselyrelatedtomaterialbenefits
[ d ] theydonotwanttoappeargreedyandcontemptible
20.fromthelastparagraphtheconclusioncanbedrawnthatambitionshouldbemaintained。
[a]secretly and vigorously
[b]openly and enthusiastically
[c]easily and momentarily
[d]verbally and spiritually
第一部分复印背景
[副本分类]人文--道德伦理
本文是多年考研主题中很难的一篇,全篇以ambition为中心展开,批判好的教育者对ambition抱有的虚伪态度,对ambition的追求也是健康的行为。
第二部分语言点详细
1. well regarded非常重视
[大纲词汇] regard v.(as )认为……,认为……。 想想,盯着看
[扩展意思] regard v .重视敬爱尊敬
[古典例句] sheishighlyregardedinherprofession
2. reward报告
[大纲用语] reward n.(for )报酬、奖金、奖v.(for )报酬、奖谢【奖赏】【奖赏】
[古典例句] therewardsofartarenottobemeasuredinmoney。
3 .迪斯尼的命运
[大纲用语] destiny n .命运天数,天命
[古典例句] wemustputourdestinyinourownhands
4. deem正在考虑
[大纲用语] deem v .确信
[古典例句] hedeemedithisdutytotakecareofthechildrenofhisdeadbrother。
5. on sb's behalf为... [大纲语] on sb's behalf ( = on behalf of sb.)代表,
[古典例句] hiswifeattendedthemeetingonhisbehalf。
6. vitality生命力
[大纲用语] vital a .生死攸关的重大生命的、生机的
[派生语] vitality n .生命力生机; 活力; 生存力,持久力
[古典例句] he is a young man of great vitality
7. in an odd way以奇怪的方式
[大纲用语] odd a .奇数,单奇怪奇怪; 一只,不成对。 暂时不固定; 有零头的,剩下的
[古典例句] hehandlethesituationinanoddway。
8. hypocrisy虚伪
[扩展词汇] hypocrisy n .虚伪,虚伪
hypocrite n .伪君子
hypocritical a .虚伪的
[古典例句] hishypocrisyangeredallthepeoplepresent
9 .公式以前的土地
[大纲用语] former a .以前的、以前的
[古典例句] hewasformerlyaelementaryschoolteacher
10. in demand需要什么
[扩展短语] in demand需要的
[古典例句] oil is in great demand these days
11. confess to批准
[大纲用语] confess v .告白、承认、告白、告白
[古典例句] heconfessedtothecrimehehadcommitted
12. lest不要这样做
[大纲用语] lest conj .别担心
[古典例句] she didn't tell them the truth,lest they would get involve
13. pushing急功近利的
[大纲用语] push v .推送催促、胁迫n .推送、推力; 促进、推进
[派生词汇] pushing a .推的有上进心的; 专断独行
[古典例句] sheisaverynicepersonexceptthatsheisabitpushing。
14. acquisitive贪婪的
[大纲用语] acquire v .获取、获取; 我学到了
[派生语] acquisitive a .想要的、想要的、贪婪的
[古典例句] finallyhisacquisitiveinstinctgottheupperhand
15. vulgar猥琐的
[扩展词汇] vulgar a .通俗、粗俗粗鲁、粗野
[古典例句] he is a person of vulgar taste
16. treat to款待
[大纲用语] treat v .对应解决; 治疗; 论述,讨论; 招待,请客n .请客,请客
[古典例句] iwilltreatyoualltoalittlepianospecialtyofmyown。
17. spectacle的情景
[大纲用语] spectacle n.[pl.]眼镜场景、情景。 奇观,壮观
spectacular a .壮观而引人注目
[古典例句] theburninghouseisaterriblespectacle
18 .苹果足够了
[大纲词汇] ample a .足够富裕宽敞
[古典例句] the city ' smanyculturalandsportsfacilitiesofferamplerecreation。
19. materialism唯物主义
[大纲词汇] materialism n .唯物主义
material a .材料、原料、资料a .物质的、实体的
20. participatory参与
[大纲用语] participate v.(in )参加、参加共享、分担
participant n .参加者,参加者
[派生词汇] participatory a .参加者、参加者、积极参加者
[古典例句] participatoryartisquitepopularwithsomeartistsnowadays。
21 .路径阶段
[大纲用语] phase n .阶段、状态、时期相、相位
[古典例句] thebookcoversallphasesofpicasso ' swork
22. enroll入学
[大纲用语] enroll/enrol v .招募登记; 入学。
[古典例句] theunionenrollsover 100000 workerinnewyork
23. exceptional例外的
[大纲用语] exceptional a .异常的
[古典例句] hetreatedhisemployeeswithexceptionalcruelty。
24 .公式构想
[大纲用语] formulate v .构想、计划系统必须阐述
[派生词汇] formulation n .系统的记述计划、构想
[古典例句] hestatedhisopinionontheformulationofpolicies。
25. at all costs不惜任何代价
[大纲用语] at all costs不惜任何代价
[古典例句] he vowed to succeed at all costs
26. angle立场
[大纲用语] angle n .角立场; 方面、观点
[词汇比较] angel a .天使**一词拼写相近,容易混淆,容易观察区别
[古典例句] itwillgiveyouamoreobjectivepictureifyouconsidertheissuefromvariousangles。
27. probably恐怕是
[大纲用语] probable a .可能性高,大致有希望,有可能
[古典例句] sheisprobablythebestsingerinthiscountry
28. at an end结束
[扩展短语] at an end完成,枯竭
[古典例句] everythingbetweentheloverswereatanend
29. stirring冲动,激励
[大纲词汇] stir v .搅拌、搅拌; 动,摇; 兴奋; 感应; 煽动,煽动
[派生词汇] stirring a .激动人心的忙碌、活跃的n .激励、激励
[古典例句] hetriedtosuppressthestirringsofvisitingher
30. prompting的激励
[大纲用语] prompt v .刺激、促进、推进
[派生词汇] prompting n .推进、促进、激励、激励
[古典例句] thebookwouldneverhavebeenwrittenwithoutthepromptingsofmywife。
31. profess批准
[扩展词汇] profess v .承认、表示主张
professed a .公开表示的公开主张
[古典例句] heprofessedhimselfaloverofmusic
32. earnest是热烈的
[大纲用语] earnest a .热心而真挚
[古典例句] he is an earnest student
33. get on in life出人头地
[大纲词] get on出人头地,出人头地
[古典例句] theyoungmanissuretogetonintheworld。
34 .克里斯蒂习性的
[大纲用语] customary a .习性的、惯例的
[古典例句] hemadehiscustomaryvisittohisparentseveryweek。
35 .迪斯科舞厅扔掉
[大纲词汇] discard v .扔掉,扔掉
[古典例句] hisfriendsurgehimtodiscardhisbadhabits。
36 .检查控制
[大纲用语] check v .检查、检查; 制止,控制; 托运或寄存。
[古典例句] he tried his best to check his anger
37. momentarily在一瞬间
[大纲用语] momentary a .瞬间的、瞬间的
[古典例句] hepausedmomentarilytohavesomewaterandproceeded。
第三部分难句分析
1. if ambition is to be well regarded,the rewards of ambition---wealth,distinction,controloverone ' s destiny-- must be dee
[结构分析] :此语句包含if引导的条件状短语if ambition is to be well regarded,主句的主语是the rewards of ambition,谓语是must be deemed,wealth,distinction,
[阅读要点] :在这篇文章中,必须明确distinction是有名的、出人头地的、worthy of符合、没有被背叛、on behalf of是为了……等语言的意思。
如果个人野心被重视的话,野心带来的利益- -荣华富贵、出人头地、命运自主---应该被认为是为了这个野心而做的各种牺牲。
2.ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitality,it must be widely shared。 anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,the educated not least among them
[结构分析] :这是并列关系的复句。 上一句中含有被if诱导的条件状语,主句中的主语it是指the tradition of ambition。 在下一节中,who are themselves admired修饰people,the educated not least among them是people的补语。
[阅读要点] :观察]:peoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,是指自己也仰慕的人,not least主义非常重要。
如果野心以前就有生命力的话,到现在为止流传下来的事情一定会被很多人共享。 特别是自己也受到仰慕的人喜欢,其中受过良好教育的人不少。
3.thereisaheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofclosingthebarndoorafterthehorseshaveescaped-- withtheeducatedthemselverisdion
结构分析: acaseofclosingthebarndoorafterthehorseshaveescaped是前主节的补语,withtheeducatedthemselvesridingonthem是中的伴随状语。
[阅读要点]:hypocrisy虚伪和虚伪,理解了这句话,以后的比喻就变得简单了。 要理解这个比喻,最好把文中的马理解为ambition的象征。 看这个比喻和“亡羊补牢”没有任何关系,其意思接近于“捂住耳朵偷铃铛”。 在这里受过良好教育的人在实现自己的野心后,从追求野心的过程中受益,但他们做了可以得到便宜的东西,相反谴责野心,说自己没有追求野心。
《参考译文》:这样的事件带有很强的伪善性,就像是等马逃跑后关闭马厩的门而死,骑哪匹马是受过良好教育的人们。
4.certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.summer homes,european travel, 宝马--thole placenamesandnamebrandsmaychange,butsuchitemsdonotseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago。
结构分析:这里显示两个比较级别: lessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly和lessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago。
[阅读点] :成千上万个观察句中的双重否定:“donotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly " means " seematleastasinterestedinsuccesss as formerly,if not more ",后面的donotseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago也是如此。
《参考译文》:当然,人们现在对成功及其各种标志的有趣之处似乎不亚于以前。 消夏别墅、欧陆旅行、宝马车---地点、地名、企业品牌可能会发生变化,但这种东西至今被人渴望的程度似乎还不亚于一二十年前。
5.whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lest they be thought pushing,less
[结构分析]:what一词指that诱导的从句,从句中aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould又是下一层次的连用句,另外lest诱导带有虚拟语气的虚拟连用句节。
[观察阅览点lest一词的意思(一味)和用法(诱发虚拟语气)。 而且在阅读中应该可以推测pushing、acquisitive、vulgar这三个词是贬义的
现在发生的事件是人们不要总是像以前那样简单坦率地承认他们有这样的梦想,害怕自己被理解为急功近利、贪婪或庸俗。
6. instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply:thecriticofamericanmaterialise thee thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildrenareenroledinprivateschools。
结构分析:此语句的主要语句是wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles。 后面有非限定的定语从句,修饰spectacles。 冒号之后有三个并列名词短语,其核心词分别是critic、publisher、journalist
[阅读要点] :要理解这个句子,首先必须正确理解be treated to的意思是“被招待”。 后面的spectacles不是“眼镜”,而是“壮观的景象”,所以这里有犯规的意思。 即使以后不理解其具体的意思,也应该掌握的是虚伪,说一下具体的事例,从这个立场理解的话比较清楚。
相反,我们受到款待看到这种虚伪壮观的景象,他们似乎比以前的任何时间都供应得充分:美国式物质主义的批评者有位于南安普顿的避暑山庄。 激进的书出版社一天在三星餐厅吃三餐。 在人生的各个阶段提倡参与民主的记者,他的孩子在私立学校上学。
7.theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles; itspublicdefendersarefewandunimpressive,swherestheyarenotextremelyunattractive。
[结构分析] :这个句子是用分号分隔的两个并列句子,下一个句子中有where诱导的定语从句,整体上修饰了its public defenders,但先行词中使用了where。
[阅读要点] :分号前后从正反两方面说明人们对ambition的态度,观察最后定语从句的双重否定,表现作者的态度,对野心的拥护者表示肯定的态度,证明作者对野心也持积极的态度。
对野心的批评层出不穷,来自所有立场。 公开为野心辩护的人寥寥无几,无力,但他们不能说完全不吸引人。
第四部分
回答: 17.a 18.c 19.d 20.b
来源:简阳新闻
标题:【要闻】2000年考研英语阅览理解真题解析
地址:http://www.jycdb.com/jyjy/16234.html